Challenges of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

For Loksewa, Bank, and Corporation Job Preparation

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Introduction

Endorsed on September 25, 2015, by the UN General Assembly, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to create a prosperous, educated, and safe world by 2030. With 17 goals, 169 targets, and ~300 indicators, SDGs address economic, social, governance, and environmental dimensions. Nepal integrates SDGs into its 14th Five-Year Plan, but faces significant implementation challenges. (Source: Gopinath Mainali, Annapurnapost)

Strategic Pillars of SDGs

• Planet: Conserve resources and environment for future generations.
• People: End poverty and hunger, ensure dignity and equality.
• Prosperity: Promote harmonious, advanced lifestyles.
• Peace: Build just, inclusive societies.
• Partnership: Strengthen global cooperation.

SDGs in Nepal

• Integration: Embedded in 14th Plan (2073/74–2075/76) and annual budgets.
• Time-Bound Targets: Set for 2017, 2020, 2022, 2025, 2030.
• Interconnectedness: Achieving one goal supports others.

Challenges of SDG Implementation in Nepal

1. Integration into Plans: Aligning SDGs with periodic plans and budgets to avoid neglect.
2. Localization: Institutionalizing SDGs at local levels with limited capacity; requires orientation.
3. Effective Implementation: Overcoming poor project quality with innovative methods and technology.
4. Resource Mobilization: Securing trillions in funding via government, private, and external sources.
5. Private/Community Engagement: Incentivizing private and cooperative sectors.
6. Capacity Building: Strengthening federal, provincial, and local institutions; addressing disaster recovery needs.
7. Monitoring and Accountability: Developing unified monitoring frameworks and reporting systems.

Global Challenges

• Encouraging national ownership of SDGs.
• Integrating private sector contributions.
• Activating local and community roles.
• Effective resource utilization (finance, technology).
• Ensuring stakeholder accountability.

Opportunities

SDGs offer Nepal a 15-year roadmap for a safe, healthy, and prosperous society through strategic planning and collaboration.

Exam-Focused Notes

• Key Figures: 17 goals, 169 targets, ~300 indicators; endorsed September 25, 2015.
• Nepal’s Framework: Integrated into 14th Plan; targets for 2017–2030.
• Pillars: Planet, People, Prosperity, Peace, Partnership.
• Common Questions: SDG pillars, Nepal’s integration, major challenges.
• Source: Gopinath Mainali, Annapurnapost.

Preparation Tips

• Memorize 5 SDG pillars and their focus.
• Study Nepal’s SDG integration in 14th Plan.
• Focus on 7 key challenges, especially localization and resources.
• Review past Loksewa questions on SDGs.
• Follow www.gitab.com.np and LoksewaDiary for updates.

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